Which of the following is a significant piece of legislation that began as a private members' bill?

The Abortion Act 1967 is recognized as a significant piece of legislation that originated from a private members' bill, which is a proposal for a new law introduced by a Member of Parliament (MP) who is not part of the government. This act was pivotal as it transformed the legal status of abortion in the UK, allowing it under certain circumstances and leading to significant changes in reproductive rights.

Private members' bills often face considerable challenges in the legislative process, and the successful passage of the Abortion Act highlights the ability of such proposals to bring about substantial societal changes. The legislative journey of the Act involved a considerable amount of debate and advocacy, reflecting the public's concern about women's health and rights at the time.

In contrast, the other pieces of legislation listed have different origins; for instance, the Human Rights Act 1998 and Children Act 1989 were primarily introduced as government bills, and the Parliament Act 1911 was a significant constitutional reform, also not originating from a private member's initiative. Understanding the context and journey of legislation, particularly that which stems from private members, is essential for grasping the evolution of laws and their impact on society.